Malacological Society of Australasia

Molluscan Research

Volume 19, Issue 2: 19 November 1998

Acute toxicity of a plant molluscicide, Brassaia actinophylla on Indoplanorbis exustus and non-target organisms

E.S.Upatham *, P.Wangsomnuk *, M.Kruatrachue *, Y.P.Chitramvong * and V. Reutrakul **

Departments of Biology * and Chemistry **, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

A total of 50 different plant species of 22 families was investigated for molluscicidal activity against Indoplanorbis exustus. Twenty-one species (42%) demonstrated molluscicidal activity. The crude water extract of Brassaia actinophylla showed the best result with 24 hr. LC50 and LC90 values of 23.73 and 32.11 mg/l, respectively. The control group of snails exposed to niclosamide showed 24 hr. LC50 and LC90 values of 0.009 and 0.01 mg/l, respectively. The 24 hr. LC50 and LC90 values of the crude water extract of B. actinophylla on two species of fish, namely, Puntius gonionotus and Poecilia reticulata were 47 and 55 mg/l, and 85 and 111 mg/l, respectively. Concerning the crustacea, Moina macrocopa and Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the 24 hr. LC50 and LC90 values of the crude water extract of B. actinophylla were 258 and 861 mg/l, and 141 and 181 mg/l, respectively.
Key words: acute toxity, plant molluscicide, Brassaia actinophylla, Indoplanorbis exustus, Puntius gonionotus, Poecilia reticulata, Moina macropa, Macrobrachium rosenbergii.

pp. 1-14.