Serpulidae

Additional genera

Many serpulid genera are poorly known and therefore could not be included in the Serpulidae interactive key. However, we have included below a brief description of these additional genera, where possible including subfamily placement and figures.

Amplaria Knight-Jones, 1973
Type species Amplaria spiculosa Knight-Jones, 1973
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiling; four thoracic tori and four fascicles of chaetae on the concave side; three thoracic tori and five fascicles of chaetae on the convex side. Fin and blade collar chaetae without cross-striations; sicle chaetae in third and fourth thoracic fascicle. Thoracic uncini with blunt anterior peg; abdominal chaetae geniculate, less than one fourth the size of the sicle chaetae. Abdomen somewhat asymmetrical; incubation in the operculum.. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Knight-Jones, 1973]

Anomalorbis Vine, 1972
Type species Anomalorbis manuatus Vine, 1972
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Probably dextrally coiling; four complete thoracic chaetigers and remnants of a fifth. Collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae absent. Pronounced abdominal asymmetry; incubation probably in tube. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Vine, 1972]

Apomatus Philippi, 1844
Type species Apomatus ampulliferus Philippi, 1844
Description SF SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; globular operculum on a radiole. Collar chaetae simple limbate; sicle chaetae present. Uncini with teeth in several rows in both thorax and abdomen; anterior peg very long. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Author, year

Apomatolos Uchida, 1978r
Type species Apomatolos simplex Uchida, 1978
Description Tube calcareous, white opaque but some parts in middle semi-transparent. Opeculum fleshy without any plate. Opercular stalk slender with no projections or pinnules, arising from the prostomium between a pair of the dorsal most branchiae. Branchiae few in number. Pair of palps without pinnules arising from ventral side near the ventral most branchiae. Branchial membrane absent. Collar 3-lobed. Thorax usually with 5 chaetigerous segments. First segment with noto and neuro chaetae. Abdomen usually with 9 chaetigerous segments. Collar chaetae absent. Thoracic and abdominal notochaetae of 2 types, simple bladed and sickle shaped. Neurochaetae with many fine teeth, arranged in longitudinal rows, gouge triangular and projecting forwards, abdominal and thoracic ones similar. [After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Bathyvermilia Sanfilippo, 2001
Type species ??Genus species Author, year
Description ...text... [After Author, year; figure supplied from Author, year
Comments ...comment text... Sarsia 86: 177-182 ...

Bonhourella Gravier, 1905b
Type species Bonhourella insignis Gravier, 1905b
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Six thoracic chaetigers; operculum flat or lightly convex, opercular stalk distinct. Collar chaetae absent: abdominal chaetae capillary; abdominal uncini absent. Thoracic uncini with anterior peg gouge- shaped. [After Gravier, 1905b]

Bushiella Knight-Jones, 1973
Type species Spirorbis evolutus Bush, 1904b
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiling; two pairs of thoracic tori present; collar chaetae limbate, numerous. Sicle chaetae present in third fascicle. Thoracic uncini with blunt anterior peg. Margin of collar unfused; abdomen not strongly asymmetrical. Incubation in faecal groove with attachment stalk for the embryos. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied Bush, 1904b]
Need Knight-Jones 1973, Bull British Mus Nat Hist 24(4) 231-259-may have better fig of genus

Calcareopomatus Straughan, 1976a
Type species Calcareopomatus dewae Straughan, 1976a
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum with a globular base and a flat, calcareous plate; stalk annulated. Collar chaetae small and limbate; sicle chaetae present. Thoracic uncini with anterior peg bifid. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Straughan, 1976a]

Capeospira Pillai, 1970
Type species Spirorbis (Paralaeospira) adeonella Day, 1963
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiling; thorax with three complete and a fourth rudimentary chaetiger; collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae absent. Incubation in the tube. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Day, 1967]

Chitinopoma Levinsen, 1884
Type species Hydroides norvegica groenlandica Morch, 1863
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum conical without wings or spines on the stalk. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae present; abdominal chaetae geniculate with triangular blade. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Author, year]

Chitinopomoides Benham, 1927
Type species Chitinopomoides wilsoni Benham, 1927
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum rounded, stalk without spines or wings. Collar chaetae with large boss below a limbate zone; sicle chaetae present; abdominal chaetae geniculate with long triangular blade. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Benham, 1927]

Circeis Saint-Joseph, 1894
Type species Serpula spirillum Linnaeus, 1758
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Dextrally coiled; three thoracic chaetigers present; collar chaetae limbate. Sicle chaetae absent. Incubation in the tube. [After Fauchald, 1977]

Conopomatus Pillai, 1960
Type species Conopomatus acuiconus Pillai, 1960
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum conical, stalk winged. Collar chaetae present, pilose at base; sicle chaetae present; other thoracic chaetae limbate; abdominal chaetae trumpet-shaped. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure suplied from Pillari, 1960]

Crosslandiella Monro, 1933
Type species Crosslandiella multispinosa Monro, 1933
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum with black, chitinous plate, surmounted by a spinose columm; stalk winged. Collar chaetae lancet-shaped and taper- ing; sicle chaetae present. Abdominal chaetae geniculate. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Monro, 1933]

Dasynema Saint-Joseph, 1894
Type species Serpula chrysogyrus Grube, 1878
DescriptionSF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum spherical, opercular stalk smooth. Collar chaetae and sicle chaetae absent; all thoracic chaetae limbate, abdominal ones capillaries. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Author, year]

Dextralia Knight-Jones, 1973
Type species Spirorbis (Paradexiospira) falklandica Pixell, 1913a
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Dextrally coiled; three rows of tori on the concave side and traces of a fourth on the convex side. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae in third and fourth fascicle. Thoracic uncini with bilobed anterior peg. Abdominal chaetae with vestigial brush- top. Incubation in faecal groove on attachment stalk. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Pixell, 1913a]

Dipomatus Ehlers, 1913
Type species Dipomatus serpulides Ehlers, 1913
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Five thoracic chaetigers; two operculae with branchial filaments on peduncle; each distally funnel-shaped and marginally dentate. Collar chaetae basally dentate. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Ehlers, 1913]

Duplicaria Vine, 1972
Type species Spirorbis (Laeospira) koehleri Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiled; two pairs of thoracic tori present. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction, not cross- striated. Sicle chaetae present; thoracic uncini with several rows of teeth. Anterior abdominal tori divided into two parts. Operculum with two or more plates stacked on top of each other; incubation in the operculum. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Vine, 1972]

Fauveldora Knight-Jones, 1972
Type species Janua (Fauveldora) kayi Knight-Jones, 1972
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiled; two pairs of thoracic tori present; collar chaetae limbate; abdominal chaetae with blades as big as those in the collar chaetae; sicle chaetae in third fascicle present. Uncini with teeth in several rows. Incubation in the operculum. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Knight-Jones, 1972]

Filogranella Ben-Eliahu & Dafni, 1979
Type species Filogranella elatensis Ben-Eliahu & Dafni, 1979
Description Gregarious with aggregated tubes. Body symmetrical with 12 or more thoracic chaetigers and more than 60 abdominal. Branchial crown without operculum or pseudo-operculum, with more than 4 pairs of radioles. Well develoepd collar continuous with thoracic membranes ending in mid thorax. Prominent prostomium with eye spots. Collar chaetae limbate, similar to those of following chaetigers and fine needle like (non limbate) capillaries. Remaining thoracic chaetigers with limbate and "Apomatus" chaetae Thoracic uncini with reduced apical attachment area, intermediate between saw-like and rasp-like; with approximately 16 teeth in vertical row ; fang concave. Abdominal chaetae geniculate, grading into fine capillary chaetae with recurved tips in posterior chaetigers. Abdominal uncini rasp-like with many teeth in vertical rows. [After Ben-Eliahu & Dafni, 1979; figure supplied from Ben-Eliahu & Dafni, 1979]

Filogranula Langerhans, 1884
Type species Filogranula gracilis Langerhans, 1884
Description SF. FILOGRANINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum a small cone on a small, spherical base; stalk either frondose or smooth; only four radioles present. Collar chaetae present; sicle chaetae present; uncini with numerous teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977]

Floriprotis Uchida, 1978
Type species Floriprotis subiuraensisUchida, 1978
Description Operculum absent. Collar developed and three lobed. Thorax with 7 chaetigerous segments. Thoracic membrane complete with pair of pockets on the inner side of the lateral process. Collar chaetae of 2 types, simple bladed, others with cylindrical shaft, short blade and some cylindrical spines with round heads. Thoracic notochaetae of 2 kinds, simple bladed and capillary. Thoracic and abdominal neurochaetae similar, resemble Filograna.. Abdominal notochaetae spathulate. [After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Helicosiphon Gravier, 1907
Type species Helicosiphon biscoeensis Gravier, 1907
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiled, or almost uncoiled; three thoracic chaetigers on concave side. Collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae absent. Thoracic uncini with blunt anterior peg. Abdominal tori distinctly larger on concave side. Incubation in faecal groove attached by stalk. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Gravier, 1907]

Hyalopomatus Marenzeller, 1878
Type species Hyalopomatus claparedii Marenzeller, 1878
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Six thoracic chaetigers; operculum bladder-shaped; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae absent. Abdominal chaetae with only the distalmost tip geniculate. Uncini with teeth in several rows; anterior peg furcate. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Author, year]

Janita Saint-Joseph, 1894
Type species Serpula fimbriata delle Chiaje, 1828
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum infundibular with three large distal bulbs on the stalk; opercular plate chitinous with a single large spine. Collar chaetae basally dentate; sicle chaetae present; abdominal chaetae geniculate. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Author, year]

Jugaria Knight-Jones, 1978
Type species ?Genus species Knight-Jones, 1978
Description ...text needed... [After Knight-Jones, 1978; figure supplied from Knight-Jones, 1978]
Comments Originally published as a subgenus by Knight-Jones 1978 J. Linn. Soc. Zool. 64: 201-240; here raised to genus.

Larninatulus ten Hove & Zibrowius, 1986
Type species Larninatulus alvini ten Hove & Zibrowius, 1986
Description Tube white, gradually increasing in diameter, more or less triangular in cross section. Tube wall consisting of an inner opaque and outer hyaline one. Branchial radioles arranged in short spiral not connected by branchial membrane. Branchial crown about half length of entire animal. Peduncle smooth, circular in cross section, gradually merging into opercular bulb; inserted to left side, proximal from first and second normal radiole. No rudimentary operculum. Operculum globular with bulbous proximal part and flattened reinforced dorsal part, reinforcement neither calcareous not distinctly chitinous. Collar with medio-ventral lobe and two latero-dorsal lobes continuous with thoracic membranes, forming medio-ventral apron. Collar chaetae with capillaries and specialised chaetae (like those of Spirobranchus). Five pairs of subsequent bundles with capillaries of 2 sizes. Thoracic uncinigerous tori arranged in two rows, converging caudo-ventrally. Uncini with single row of 5-7 curved teeth, most anterior tooth slightly larger. No achaetigerous region in abdomen. Chaetae long with geniculate tip. Abdominal uncini with single row of 6-7 teeth. [After ten Hove & Zibrowius, 1986; figure supplied from ten Hove & Zibrowius, 1986

Marifugia Absalon and Hrabe, 1930
Type species Marifugia cavatica Absalon and Hrabe, 1930
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Six thoracic chaetigers; operculum conical and distally smooth; stalk without spines or wings. Collar chaetae and sicle chaetae absent; thoracic chaetae slender and straight; abdominal chaetae geniculate. Uncini with teeth in a single row, maximally nine teeth present in thoracic uncini. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Absalon and Hrabe, 1930]

Membranopsis Bush, 1910
Type species Membranopsis inconspicua Bush, 1910
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Nine thoracic chaetigers; operculum unknown. Thoracic membrane fused over the back at ninth chaetiger; collar chaetae limbate. Uncini similar to those in Protula. [After Fauchald, 1977]

Mercierella Fauvel ,1923b
Type species Mercierella enigmatica Fauvel ,1923b
Description SF FICOPOMATINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum distally oblique with chitinous plate covered by series of curved spines. Collar chaetae marginally dentate; sicle chaetae absent; uncini with teeth in one row in thorax, partially in two rows in abdomen. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Fauvel ,1923b]

Mercierellopsis Rioja, 1945
Type species Mercierellopsis prietoi Rioja, 1945
Description SF. FICOPOMATINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum smooth, distally cup-shaped; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae dentate; sicle chaetae absent. Uncini with few teeth (7-12), anterior peg undercut. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Rioja, 1945]

Microprotula Uchida, 1978
Type species Microprotula ovicellata Uchida, 1978
Description Tube calcareous, white opaque, with round face in cross section. Proximal part irregularly coiled on the substratum, but distal part horizontally erected on the substratum with some circular transverse brims. During the breeding season, the brims develop into a spherical out-growth forming an ovicell. Operculum absent. Branchiae few, without branchial membrane. Collar well developed, 4 lobed. Thorax with 7 chaetigerous segments. Thoracic membrane narrow, but complete. Abdomen not so long with some chaetigerous segments. Collar chaetae of 2 kinds, simple bladed and capillary. Capillary chaetae with much narrower blade on the distal free margin. Thoracic chaetae of 3 kinds, simple bladed, capillary and sickle shaped. Sickle shaped with free margin which is divisible into two parts, basal blade and distal part serrated. Simple blade chaetae and capillary chaetae similar to those in collar fascicle. Thoracic uncini with gouged bifid tip, teeth arranged in several rows. Abdominal chaetae sickle-shaped, with serrations all along the length of the free margin. Posterior segments with long hair-like chaetae with smooth tips. Adbominal uncini similar to those of thorax. [After Uchida, 19787; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Neopomatus Pillai, 1960
Type species Neopomatus uschakovi Pillai, 1960
Description SF. FICOPOMATINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum with series of concentric rows of teeth, nearly radial in structure; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae dentate; sicle chaetae absent. Uncini with few teeth. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Pillai, 1960]

Nidularia Knight-Jones, 1978
Type species ?Genus species Knight-Jones, 1978
Description ...text needed... [After Knight-Jones, 1978; figure supplied from Knight-Jones, 1978]
Comments Originally published as a subgenus by Knight-Jones 1978 J. Linn. Soc. Zool. 64: 201-240; here raised to genus.

Olga Jones, 1962
Type species Olga elegantissima Jones, 1962
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Six thoracic chaetigers; operculum with a central tooth and paired lateral horns, stalk winged. Collar chaetae absent, sicle chaetae absent; thoracic chaetae limbate; uncini with about twenty teeth; anterior peg gouge-shaped. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Jones, 1962]

Olgaharmania Rioja, 1941b
Type species Hydroides glandiferum Rioja 1941a
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum with basal corona of spines surmounted by very large, glandular chitinous hood equipped on one side with four large spines. Collar chaetae basally with paired bosses; sicle chaetae absent. Uncini with numerous teeth; anterior peg very large. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Author, year]

Omphalopoma Morch, 1863
Type species Omphalopoma umbilicata Morch, 1863
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Six or seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum cup-shaped, sometimes ornamented; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae of two kinds, simple limbates and fin and blade chaetae. Sicle chaetae present. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows; anterior peg furcate. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED]

Omphalopomopsis Saint-Joseph, 1894
Type species Omphalopoma langerhansii Marenzeller, 1884
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers. Operculum distally smooth; opercular stalk with wings. Collar chaetae of two kinds, slender capillaries and limbate with a pilose subdistal boss. Sicle chaetae present; abdominal chaetae geniculate with a triangular blade. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; anterior peg entire. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Author, year]

Paradexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
Type species Serpula vitrea Fabricius, 1780
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Dextrally coiled; three complete and one fourth incomplete thoracic chaetiger. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae present in the third fascicle. Incubation in the tube. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Author, year]

Paraprotis Uchida, 1978
Type species Paraprotis dendrova Uchida, 1978
Description SF PROTINAE Operculum absent . Thorax of 7 chaetigerous segments. Inside of the branchial crown, a branched projection for brood attachment. Collar poorly developed and entire. Collar chaetae of 2 types, blade and capillaries. Sickle shaped chaetae absent. Thoracic and abdominal uncini similar. Abdominal chaetae needle-like with curved tips, minutely serrated margins. [After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]
Comments The subfamily Protinae was erected by Uchida (1978).

Paraprotula Uchida, 1978
Type species Paraprotula apomatoides Uchida, 1978
Description Tube calcareous, white opaque. No operculum. Branchiae simple fan shaped. Branchial membrane absent. Collar entire. Thorax with 7 chaetigerous segments. Thoracic membrane complete. Collar chaetae of 2 kinds, simple bladed and capillaries with narrow blade. Thoracic notochaetae of 3 kinds, simple bladed, capillaries and sickle shaped. Capillaries with short narrow blades on distal part. Sickle shaped chaeta with a basal blade and serrated tips. Thoracic neurochaetae with truncated gouge. [After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Paraserpula Southward, 1963
Type species Paraserpula planorbis Southward, 1963
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum funnel-shaped, marginally dentate; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae bayonet-shaped and finely pilose; sicle chaetae absent; abdominal chaetae trumpet-shaped. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows; anterior peg large. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Southward, 1963]
Comments According to Uchida 1978 this name preoccupied and he gave a new name Crinoserpula.
Pat: CHECK UCHIDA; if this is so then Paraserpula Southward 1963 is a junior synonym and is replaced in this list by Crinoserpula Uchida 1978; i don't have Uchida 1978; There is no other genus Paraserpula in the Serpulidae, it must be in another Phylum

Paumotella Chamberlin, 1919c
Type species Paumotella takemoana Chamberlin, 1919c
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers present; operculum conical and distally flattened, margin entire, stalk with wings. Collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae absent; anterior abdominal chaetae stout acute spines; posterior ones fine capillaries. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Chamberlin, 1919c]

Prodexiospira Pillai, 1970
Type species Spirorbis violaceus Levinsen, 1884
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Dextrally coiled; three complete and a fourth incomplete chaetiger present. Collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae present in the third fascicle. Incubation in the tube. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Author, year]

Protohydroides Uchida, 1978
Type species Eupomatus elegans Haswell, 1883
Description Tube calcareous, white opaque. Operculum developed on right or left side. Opercular plate chitinous with or without upper crown. Opercular stalk smooth. Pseudoperculum present. Branchial membrane absent. Collar 3-lobed. Thorax with 7 chaetigerous segments. Thoracic membrane complete. Collar chaetae of 2 kinds, capillaries, others with basal process with few to many teeth arranged irregularly. Thoracic notochaetae of 2 kinds, capillaries and simple bladed ones. Thoracic neurochaetae rectangular with row of several large teeth. Abdominal chaetae spathulate with serrations. [After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Protis Ehlers, 1887
Type species Protis simplex Ehlers, 1887
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum absent. Collar chaetae of fin and blade construction with basal dentate fin well separated from the blade. Sicle chaetae present; abdominal chaetae nearly capillary. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Ehlers, 1887]

Protoleodora Pillai, 1970
Type species Spirorbis asperatus Bush 1904b
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiled; three (two?) chaetigers in the thorax; collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae present. Incubation in operculum. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Pillai, 1970]

Protoserpula Uchida, 1978
Type species Protoserpula pacificum Uchida, 1978
Description SF SERPULINAE Operculum absent . Branchiae few. Branchial membrane absent. Thorax with 9 or 10 chaetigerous segments. Numerous abdominal segments present. Collar chaetae, 2 kinds, bayonet chaetae with the basal processes of large teeth arranged in circle and capillaries. Thoracic chaetae of 2 kinds, bladed and capillaries. Thoracic and abdominal neurochaetae similar and resemble those of Serpula.[After Uchida, 1978; figure supplied from Uchida, 1978]

Pseudochitinopoma Zibrowius, 1969
Type species Hyalopomatopsis occidentalis Bush, 1904a
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum bladder-shaped; stalk without wings. Collar chaetae with fin and blade construction and little separation between the basal fin and the distal blade. Sicle chaetae absent; abdominal chaetae geniculate with narrow blade. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; anterior peg furcate; abdominal uncini with teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Zibrowius, 1969]

Pseudopomatoceros Holly, 1936
Type species Pomatoceropsis roxasi Holly, 1935
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum distally cup-shaped with two eccentrically placed thorns connected by a low ridge; stalk winged. Collar chaetae fine capillaries; sicle chaetae absent, thoracic chaetae limbate, abdominal chaetae with flat crown and a long spike. Uncini with numerous teeth; anterior peg furcate [After Fauchald, 1977]

Pseudoserpula Straughan, 1967b
Type species Pseudoserpula rugosa Straughan, 1967b
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum absent. Collar chaetae limbate; sicle chaetae absent; abdominal chaetae trumpet-shaped. Uncini with few teeth; anterior peg large, blunt. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Straughan, 1967b]

Schizocraspedon Bush 1904a
Type species Serpula furcifera Grube, 1878
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum on a modified radiole; distally with a chitinous cover consisting of two concentric funnels, one inside the other; both marginally split with long, slender processes. Collar chaetae present. Abdominal chaetae capillary; superior thoracic chaetae geniculate with conspicuous spines at the base. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure needed from Bush 1904a]

Sclerostyla Morch, 1863
Type species Sclerostyla ctenactisMorch, 1863
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum funnel-shaped; opercular stalk smooth, calcified, collar chaetae present or absent, if present finely limbate; sicle chaetae absent; abdominal chaetae nearly capillary, with very short geniculate tips. Thoracic uncini with teeth in a single row; abdominal ones with teeth in several rows. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Author, year]

Semivermilia ten Hove, 1975
Type species Vermiliopsis pomatostegoides Zibrowius, 1969
Description Tube gradually increasing in diameter, triangular to subquadrangular in cross section; otherwise variable; without flaring peristomium. Branchial filaments short and pectiniform, each with 4-7 filaments. Thoracic membrane short ending at chaetiger 2. Thoracic uncini with saw to rasp-shaped with gouged anterior tooth with 12-15 teeth. Abdominal uncini with numerous teeth.. Chaetal fascicles of chaetiger 1 reduced, with 3-4 limbed chaetae and 3-4 capillaries. Operculum brown, and with a series of discs, slightly concave, with smooth margins and each disc clearly separated ; number of discs ranging from 4-6. [After ten Hove, 1975; figure supplied from Zibrowius, 1969]

Simplicaria Knight-Jones, 1973
Type species Spirorbis (Laeospira) pseudomilitaris Thiriot-Quievreux, 1965
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Sinistrally coiled; two pairs of thoracic tori present; collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; blades usually coarsely dentate, cross-striated. Sicle chaetae absent. Incubation in operculum. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Knight-Jones, 1973]

Sphaeropomatus Treadwell, 1934
Type species Sphaeropomatus miamiensis Treadwell, 1934
Description SF. FICOPOMATINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum soft and vesicular; stalk smooth. Collar chaetae spinose with teeth in two rows; sicle chaetae absent; other chaetae slender capillaries. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Treadwell, 1934]

Spirodiscus Fauvel, 1909
Type species Spirodiscus grimaldii Fauvel, 1909
DescriptionSF. FILOGRANINAE. Six thoracic chaetigers; operculum funnel-shaped on a small ampulla; stalk with dorsal spines. Collar chaetae flattened and lancet-shaped. Uncini with numerous teeth. [After Fauchald, 1977]

Spirorbella Chamberlin, 1919
Type species Spirorbis (Dexiospira) marioni Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
Description SF SPIRORBINAE Dextrally coiled; two pairs of thoracic tori; collar chaetae of fin and blade construction; sicle chaetae in third fascicle. Thoracic uncini with broad anterior pegs. Incubation in tube, attachment stalk absent. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Chamberlin, 1919]

Subprotula Bush, 1910
Type species Subprotula longiseta Bush, 1910
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum absent. Collar chaetae capillaries. Uncini with about 15 teeth; anterior peg very large. Thoracic membrane to fifth chaetiger only; collar tri-lobed. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure NEEDED from Bush, 1910]

Temporaria Straughan, 1967b
Type species Vermilia polytrema Philippi, 1844
Description SF. SERPULINAE. Seven thoracic chaetigers; operculum with slanting calcareous plate; stalk winged. Collar chaetae bayonet-shaped with both regions limbate, separated by a notch. Abdominal chaetae trumpet-shaped. Thoracic uncini with at least ten teeth. [After Fauchald, 1977; figure supplied from Straughan, 1967b (not the type species)]

Vitreotubus Zibrowius, 1979
Type species Vitreotubus digeronimoi Zibrowius, 1979
Description Serpulid with irregular sinuous tube. Thorax with 7 chaetigerous segments, all except the first with uncini. Abdomen with numerous segments. First thoracic chaetiger with collar chaetae enlarged just below tip and finely denticulate. Chaetigerous segments with simple limbate chaetae. Abdominal chaetae geniculate and long. Thoracic and abdominal uncini with 6-8 teeth. Operculum with a distal plate, cylindrical without ornamentation.. Collar lobed. Thoracic membran extends length of thorax. Well marked glandular area on the dorsal surface of the last abdominal segments. [After Zibrowius, 1979; figure needed from Zibrowius, 1979]

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